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ACM-Reference-Format.bst 81.61 KiB
%%% -*-BibTeX-*-
%%% ====================================================================
%%% @BibTeX-style-file{
%%% author = "Nelson H. F. Beebe, Boris Veytsman and Gerald Murray",
%%% version = "2.1",
%%% date = "14 June 2017",
%%% filename = "ACM-Reference-Format.bst",
%%% email = "borisv@lk.net, boris@varphi.com",
%%% codetable = "ISO/ASCII",
%%% keywords = "ACM Transactions bibliography style; BibTeX",
%%% license = "public domain",
%%% supported = "yes",
%%% abstract = "",
%%% }
%%% ====================================================================
%%% Revision history: see source in git
ENTRY
{ address
advisor
archiveprefix
author
booktitle
chapter
city
date
edition
editor
eprint
eprinttype
eprintclass
howpublished
institution
journal
key
month
note
number
organization
pages
primaryclass
publisher
school
series
title
type
volume
year
% New keys recognized
issue % UTAH: used in, e.g., ACM SIGSAM Bulletin and ACM Communications in Computer Algebra
articleno
eid
day % UTAH: needed for newspapers, weeklies, bi-weeklies
doi % UTAH
url % UTAH
bookpages % UTAH
numpages
lastaccessed % UTAH: used only for @Misc{...}
coden % UTAH
isbn % UTAH
isbn-13 % UTAH
issn % UTAH
lccn % UTAH
}
{}
{ label.year extra.label sort.year sort.label basic.label.year}
INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }
INTEGERS { show-isbn-10-and-13 } % initialized below in begin.bib
INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
INTEGERS { multiresult }
INTEGERS { len }
INTEGERS { last.extra.num }
STRINGS { s t t.org u }
STRINGS { last.label next.extra }
STRINGS { p1 p2 p3 page.count }
FUNCTION { not }
{
{ #0 }
{ #1 }
if$
}
FUNCTION { and }
{
'skip$
{ pop$ #0 }
if$
}
FUNCTION { or }
{
{ pop$ #1 }
'skip$
if$
}
FUNCTION { dump.stack.1 }
{
duplicate$ "STACK[top] = [" swap$ * "]" * warning$
}
FUNCTION { dump.stack.2 }
{
duplicate$ "STACK[top ] = [" swap$ * "]" * warning$
swap$
duplicate$ "STACK[top-1] = [" swap$ * "]" * warning$
swap$
}
FUNCTION { empty.or.unknown }
{
%% Examine the top stack entry, and push 1 if it is empty, or
%% consists only of whitespace, or is a string beginning with two
%% queries (??), and otherwise, push 0.
%%
%% This function provides a replacement for empty$, with the
%% convenient feature that unknown values marked by two leading
%% queries are treated the same as missing values, and thus, do not
%% appear in the output .bbl file, and yet, their presence in .bib
%% file(s) serves to mark values which are temporarily missing, but
%% are expected to be filled in eventually once more data is
%% obtained. The TeX User Group and BibNet bibliography archives
%% make extensive use of this practice.
%%
%% An empty string cannot serve the same purpose, because just as in
%% statistics data processing, an unknown value is not the same as an
%% empty value. %%
%% At entry: stack = ... top:[string]
%% At exit: stack = ... top:[0 or 1]
duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ #1 }
{ #1 #2 substring$ "??" = }
if$
}
FUNCTION { writeln }
{
%% In BibTeX style files, the sequences
%%
%% ... "one" "two" output
%% ... "one" "two" output.xxx
%%
%% ship "one" to the output file, possibly following by punctuation,
%% leaving the stack with
%%
%% ... "two"
%%
%% There is thus a one-string lag in output processing that must be
%% carefully handled to avoid duplicating a string in the output
%% file. Unless otherwise noted, all output.xxx functions leave
%% just one new string on the stack, and that model should be born
%% in mind when reading or writing function code.
%%
%% BibTeX's asynchronous buffering of output from strings from the
%% stack is confusing because newline$ bypasses the buffer. It
%% would have been so much easier for newline to be a character
%% rather than a state of the output-in-progress.
%%
%% The documentation in btxhak.dvi is WRONG: it says
%%
%% newline$ Writes onto the bbl file what's accumulated in the
%% output buffer. It writes a blank line if and only
%% if the output buffer is empty. Since write$ does
%% reasonable line breaking, you should use this
%% function only when you want a blank line or an
%% explicit line break.
%%
%% write$ Pops the top (string) literal and writes it on the
%% output buffer (which will result in stuff being
%% written onto the bbl file when the buffer fills
%% up).
%%
%% Examination of the BibTeX source code shows that write$ does
%% indeed behave as claimed, but newline$ sends a newline character
%% directly to the output file, leaving the stack unchanged. The
%% first line "Writes onto ... buffer." is therefore wrong.
%%
%% The original BibTeX style files almost always use "write$ newline$"
%% in that order, so it makes sense to hide that pair in a private
%% function like this one, named after a statement in Pascal,
%% the programming language embedded in the BibTeX Web program.
write$ % output top-of-stack string
newline$ % immediate write of newline (not via stack)
}
FUNCTION { init.state.consts }
{
#0 'before.all :=
#1 'mid.sentence :=
#2 'after.sentence :=
#3 'after.block :=
}
FUNCTION { output.nonnull }{ % Stack in: ... R S T Stack out: ... R T File out: S<comma><space>
's :=
output.state mid.sentence =
{
", " * write$
}
{
output.state after.block =
{
add.period$ writeln
"\newblock " write$
}
{
output.state before.all =
{
write$
}
{
add.period$ " " * write$
}
if$
}
if$
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
if$
s
}
FUNCTION { output.nonnull.dot.space }
{ % Stack in: ... R S T Stack out: ... R T File out: S<dot><space>
's :=
output.state mid.sentence = % { "<DEBUG output.nonnull.dot.space>. " * write$ }
{
". " * write$
}
{
output.state after.block =
{
add.period$ writeln "\newblock " write$
}
{
output.state before.all =
{
write$
}
{
add.period$ " " * write$
}
if$
}
if$
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
if$
s
}
FUNCTION { output.nonnull.remove }
{ % Stack in: ... R S T Stack out: ... R T File out: S<space>
's :=
output.state mid.sentence =
{
" " * write$
}
{
output.state after.block =
{
add.period$ writeln "\newblock " write$
} {
output.state before.all =
{
write$
}
{
add.period$ " " * write$
}
if$
}
if$
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
if$
s
}
FUNCTION { output.nonnull.removenospace }
{ % Stack in: ... R S T Stack out: ... R T File out: S
's :=
output.state mid.sentence =
{
"" * write$
}
{
output.state after.block =
{
add.period$ writeln "\newblock " write$
}
{
output.state before.all =
{
write$
}
{
add.period$ " " * write$
}
if$
}
if$
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
if$
s
}
FUNCTION { output }
{ % discard top token if empty, else like output.nonnull
duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
'pop$
'output.nonnull
if$
}
FUNCTION { output.dot.space }
{ % discard top token if empty, else like output.nonnull.dot.space
duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
'pop$
'output.nonnull.dot.space
if$
}
FUNCTION { output.removenospace }
{ % discard top token if empty, else like output.nonnull.removenospace
duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
'pop$
'output.nonnull.removenospace
if$
}
FUNCTION { output.check }
{ % like output, but warn if key name on top-of-stack is not set
't :=
duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
{ pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
'output.nonnull
if$
}
FUNCTION { bibinfo.output.check }
{ % like output.check, adding bibinfo field
't :=
duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
{ pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
{ "\bibinfo{" t "}{" * * swap$ * "}" *
output.nonnull }
if$
}
FUNCTION { output.check.dot.space }
{ % like output.dot.space, but warn if key name on top-of-stack is not set
't :=
duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
{ pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
'output.nonnull.dot.space
if$
}
FUNCTION { fin.block }
{ % functionally, but not logically, identical to fin.entry
add.period$
writeln
}
FUNCTION { fin.entry }
{
add.period$
writeln
}
FUNCTION { new.sentence }
{ % update sentence state, with neither output nor stack change
output.state after.block =
'skip$
{
output.state before.all =
'skip$
{ after.sentence 'output.state := }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { fin.sentence }
{
add.period$
write$
new.sentence
""
}
FUNCTION { new.block }
{
output.state before.all =
'skip$
{ after.block 'output.state := }
if$
}
FUNCTION { output.coden } % UTAH{ % output non-empty CODEN as one-line sentence (stack untouched)
coden empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\showCODEN{" coden * "}" * writeln }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.articleno }
{
articleno empty.or.unknown not eid empty.or.unknown not and
{ "Both articleno and eid are defined for " cite$ * warning$ }
'skip$
if$
articleno empty.or.unknown eid empty.or.unknown and
{ "" }
{
numpages empty.or.unknown
{ "articleno or eid field, but no numpages field, in "
cite$ * warning$ }
{ }
if$
eid empty.or.unknown
{ "Article \bibinfo{articleno}{" articleno * "}" * }
{ "Article \bibinfo{articleno}{" eid * "}" * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.year }
{ % push year string or "[n. d.]" onto output stack
%% Because year is a mandatory field, we always force SOMETHING
%% to be output
"\bibinfo{year}{"
year empty.or.unknown
{ "[n. d.]" }
{ year }
if$
* "}" *
}
FUNCTION { format.day.month }
{ % push "day month " or "month " or "" onto output stack
day empty.or.unknown
{
month empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ "\bibinfo{date}{" month * "} " *}
if$
}
{
month empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ "\bibinfo{date}{" day * " " * month * "} " *}
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.day.month.year } % UTAH
{ % if month is empty, push "" else push "(MON.)" or "(DD MON.)"
% Needed for frequent periodicals: 2008. ... New York Times C-1, C-2, C-17 (23 Oct.)
% acm-*.bst addition: prefix parenthesized date string with
% ", Article nnn "
articleno empty.or.unknown eid empty.or.unknown and
{ "" }
{ output.state after.block =
{", " format.articleno * }
{ format.articleno }
if$ }
if$
" (" * format.day.month * format.year * ")" *
}
FUNCTION { output.day.month.year } % UTAH
{ % if month is empty value, do nothing; else output stack top and
% leave with new top string "(MON.)" or "(DD MON.)"
% Needed for frequent periodicals: 2008. ... New York Times C-1, C-2, C-17 (23 Oct.)
format.day.month.year
output.nonnull.remove
}
FUNCTION { strip.doi } % UTAH
{ % Strip any Web address prefix to recover the bare DOI, leaving the
% result on the output stack, as recommended by CrossRef DOI
% documentation.
% For example, reduce "http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1534530.1534545" to
% "10.1145/1534530.1534545". That is later typeset and displayed as
% doi:10.1145/1534530.1534545 as the LAST item in the reference list
% entry. Publisher Web sites wrap this with a suitable link to a real
% URL to resolve the DOI, and the master https://doi.org/ address is
% preferred, since publisher-specific URLs can disappear in response
% to economic events. All journals are encouraged by the DOI
% authorities to use that typeset format and link procedures for
% uniformity across all publications that include DOIs in reference
% lists.
% The numeric prefix is guaranteed to start with "10.", so we use
% that as a test.
% 2017-02-04 Added stripping of https:// (Boris)
doi #1 #3 substring$ "10." =
{ doi }
{
doi 't := % get modifiable copy of DOI
% Change https:// to http:// to strip both prefixes (BV)
t #1 #8 substring$ "https://" =
{ "http://" t #9 t text.length$ #8 - substring$ * 't := }
{ }
if$
t #1 #7 substring$ "http://" =
{
t #8 t text.length$ #7 - substring$ 't :=
"INTERNAL STYLE-FILE ERROR" 's :=
% search for next "/" and assign its suffix to s
{ t text.length$ }
{
t #1 #1 substring$ "/" =
{
% save rest of string as true DOI (should be 10.xxxx/yyyy)
t #2 t text.length$ #1 - substring$ 's :=
"" 't := % empty string t terminates the loop
}
{
% discard first character and continue loop: t <= substring(t,2,last)
t #2 t text.length$ #1 - substring$ 't :=
}
if$
}
while$
% check for valid DOI (should be 10.xxxx/yyyy)
s #1 #3 substring$ "10." =
{ }
{ "unrecognized DOI substring " s * " in DOI value [" * doi * "]" * warning$ } if$
s % push the stripped DOI on the output stack
}
{
"unrecognized DOI value [" doi * "]" * warning$
doi % push the unrecognized original DOI on the output stack
}
if$
}
if$
}
%
% Change by BV: added standard prefix to URL
%
FUNCTION { output.doi } % UTAH
{ % output non-empty DOI as one-line sentence (stack untouched)
doi empty.or.unknown
{ }
{
%% Use \urldef here for the same reason it is used in output.url,
%% see output.url for further discussion.
"\urldef\tempurl%" writeln
"\url{https://doi.org/" strip.doi * "}" * writeln
"\showDOI{\tempurl}" writeln
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { output.isbn } % UTAH
{ % output non-empty ISBN-10 and/or ISBN-13 as one-line sentences (stack untouched)
show-isbn-10-and-13
{
%% show both 10- and 13-digit ISBNs
isbn empty.or.unknown
{ }
{
"\showISBNx{" isbn * "}" * writeln
}
if$
isbn-13 empty.or.unknown
{ }
{
"\showISBNxiii{" isbn-13 * "}" * writeln
}
if$
}
{
%% show 10-digit ISBNs only if 13-digit ISBNs not available
isbn-13 empty.or.unknown
{
isbn empty.or.unknown
{ }
{
"\showISBNx{" isbn * "}" * writeln
}
if$
}
{
"\showISBNxiii{" isbn-13 * "}" * writeln
}
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { output.issn } % UTAH
{ % output non-empty ISSN as one-line sentence (stack untouched) issn empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\showISSN{" issn * "}" * writeln }
if$
}
FUNCTION { output.issue }
{ % output non-empty issue number as a one-line sentence (stack untouched)
issue empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "Issue " issue * "." * writeln }
if$
}
FUNCTION { output.lccn } % UTAH
{ % return with stack untouched
lccn empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\showLCCN{" lccn * "}" * writeln }
if$
}
FUNCTION { output.note } % UTAH
{ % return with stack empty
note empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\shownote{" note add.period$ * "}" * writeln }
if$
}
FUNCTION { output.note.check } % UTAH
{ % return with stack empty
note empty.or.unknown
{ "empty note in " cite$ * warning$ }
{ "\shownote{" note add.period$ * "}" * writeln }
if$
}
FUNCTION { output.eprint } %
{ % return with stack empty
eprint empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\showeprint"
archiveprefix empty.or.unknown
{ eprinttype empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "[" eprinttype "]" * * * }
if$
}
{ "[" archiveprefix "l" change.case$ "]" * * * }
if$
"{" *
primaryclass empty.or.unknown
{ eprintclass empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ eprintclass "/" * * }
if$
}
{ primaryclass "/" * * }
if$
eprint "}" * *
writeln
}
if$
}
%
% Changes by BV 2011/04/15. Do not output
% url if doi is defined%
FUNCTION { output.url } % UTAH
{ % return with stack untouched
% output URL and associated lastaccessed fields
doi empty.or.unknown
{
url empty.or.unknown
{ }
{
%% Use \urldef, outside \showURL, so that %nn, #, etc in URLs work
%% correctly. Put the actual URL on its own line to reduce the
%% likelihood of BibTeX's nasty line wrapping after column 79.
%% \url{} can undo this, but if that doesn't work for some reason
%% the .bbl file would have to be repaired manually.
"\urldef\tempurl%" writeln
"\url{" url * "}" * writeln
"\showURL{%" writeln
lastaccessed empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ "Retrieved " lastaccessed * " from " * }
if$
"\tempurl}" * writeln
}
if$
}
{ }
if$
}
FUNCTION { output.year.check }
{ % warn if year empty, output top string and leave " YEAR<label>" on stack in mid-sentence
year empty.or.unknown
{ "empty year in " cite$ * warning$
write$
" \bibinfo{year}{[n. d.]}"
"\natexlab{" extra.label * "}" * *
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
{ write$
" \bibinfo{year}{" year * "}" *
"\natexlab{" extra.label * "}" * *
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { le }
{
%% test whether first number is less than or equal to second number
%% stack in: n1 n2
%% stack out: if n1 <= n2 then 1 else 0
%% "DEBUG: le " cite$ * warning$
> { #0 } { #1 } if$
}
FUNCTION { ge }
{
%% test whether first number is greater than or equal to second number
%% stack in: n1 n2
%% stack out: if n1 >= n2 then 1 else 0
%% "DEBUG: ge " cite$ * warning$
< { #0 } { #1 } if$
}
FUNCTION { is.leading.digit }
{ %% test whether first character of string is a digit
%% stack in: string
%% stack out: if first-char-is-digit then 1 else 0
#1 #1 substring$ % replace string by string[1:1]
duplicate$ % string[1:1] string[1:1]
chr.to.int$
"0" chr.to.int$ swap$ le % "0" <= string[1:1] --> 0-or-1
swap$ % 0-or-1 string[1:1]
chr.to.int$
"9" chr.to.int$ le % string[1:1} <= "9" --> 0-or-1
and
}
FUNCTION { skip.digits }
{
%% skip over leading digits in string
%% stack in: string
%% stack out: rest-of-string leading-digits
%% "DEBUG: enter skip.digits " cite$ * warning$
%% dump.stack.1
duplicate$
't :=
't.org :=
"" 'u :=
{ t text.length$ }
{
%% "=================DEBUG: skip.digits t = [" t * "]" * warning$
t is.leading.digit
{ t #2 t text.length$ #1 - substring$ }
{
t 'u :=
""
}
if$
't :=
}
while$
u % rest of string
t.org #1 t.org text.length$ u text.length$ - substring$ % leading digits
%% "DEBUG: t.org = [" t.org * "]" * warning$
%% "DEBUG: u = [" u * "]" * warning$
%% dump.stack.2
%% "DEBUG: leave skip.digits " cite$ * warning$
}
FUNCTION { skip.nondigits }
{
%% skip over leading nondigits in string
%% stack in: string
%% stack out: rest-of-string
%% "DEBUG: enter skip.nondigits " cite$ * warning$
't :=
"" 'u :=
{ t text.length$ }
{
%% "=================DEBUG: skip.nondigits t = [" t * "]" * warning$
t is.leading.digit
{ t 'u :=
""
}
{ t #2 t text.length$ #1 - substring$ }
if$
't :=
}
while$
u % rest of string
%% dump.stack.1
%% "DEBUG: leave skip.nondigits " cite$ * warning$
}
FUNCTION { parse.next.number }
{
%% stack in: string
%% stack out: rest-of-string next-numeric-part-of-string
%% Example:
%% stack in: "123:1--123:59"
%% stack out: ":1--123:59" "123"
's :=
s skip.nondigits 's :=
s skip.digits
}
FUNCTION { reduce.pages.to.page.count }
{
%% Stack in: arbitrary-and-unused
%% Stack out: unchanged
%%
%% For the new-style pagination with article number and numpages or
%% pages, we expect to have BibTeX entries containing something like
%% articleno = "17",
%% pages = "1--23",
%% with output "Article 17, 23 pages",
%% or
%% articleno = "17",
%% numpages = "23",
%% with output "Article 17, 23 pages",
%% or
%% articleno = "17",
%% pages = "17:1--17:23",
%% with output "Article 17, 23 pages",
%%
%% If articleno is missing or empty, then we should output "1--23",
%% "23" (with a warning of a missing articleno), or "17:1--17:23",
%% respectively.
%% "DEBUG: enter reduce.pages.to.page.count " cite$ * warning$
%% "DEBUG: pages = [" pages * "]" * warning$
pages
parse.next.number 'p1 :=
parse.next.number 'p2 :=
parse.next.number 'p3 :=
parse.next.number 'page.count :=
duplicate$
empty.or.unknown
{ }
{
duplicate$ "unexpected trailing garbage [" swap$ *
"] after n:p1--n:p2 in pages = [" *
pages *
"] in " *
cite$ * warning$
}
if$
pop$
%% "DEBUG: reduce.pages.to.page.count: "
%% " p1 = " p1 * *
%% " p2 = " p2 * *
%% " p3 = " p3 * *
%% " p4 = " page.count * *
%% " in " cite$ * * warning$
p1 p3 = p2 "1" = and numpages empty.or.unknown and
{ "INFO: reduced pages = [" pages * "] to numpages = [" * page.count * "]" * warning$ }
{
numpages empty.or.unknown
{ pages }
{ numpages }
if$
'page.count :=
}
if$
p1 "1" = p3 empty.or.unknown and numpages empty.or.unknown and
{
p2 'page.count :=
"INFO: reduced pages = [" pages * "] to numpages = [" * page.count * "]" * warning$
}
{
numpages empty.or.unknown
{ pages }
{ numpages }
if$
'page.count :=
}
if$
%% "DEBUG: leave reduce.pages.to.page.count " cite$ * warning$
}
FUNCTION { new.block.checkb }
{ % issue a new.block only if at least one of top two stack strings is not empty
empty.or.unknown
swap$ empty.or.unknown
and
'skip$
'new.block
if$
}
FUNCTION { field.or.null }
{ % convert empty value to null string, else return value
duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
{ pop$ "" }
'skip$
if$
}
FUNCTION { emphasize }
{ % emphasize a non-empty top string on the stack
duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
{ pop$ "" }
{ "\emph{" swap$ * "}" * }
if$
}
FUNCTION { comma }{ % convert empty string to null string, or brace string and add trailing comma
duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
{ pop$ "" }
{ "{" swap$ * "}," * }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.names }
{
% Format bibliographical entries with the first author last name first,
% and subsequent authors with initials followed by last name.
% All names are formatted in this routine.
's :=
#1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr #1 =
%NO: BAD ORDER: {"{" s nameptr "{ff~}{ll}{, jj}{, vv}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
%NO: BAD ORDER: {"{" s nameptr "{ff~}{ll}{, jj}{, vv}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
{"\bibinfo{person}{" s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
{"\bibinfo{person}{" s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
if$
nameptr #1 >
{
namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{
numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "\bibinfo{person}{others}" =
{ " {et~al\mbox{.}}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
{ " {and} " * t * } % from Chicago Manual of Style
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
}
while$
}
FUNCTION { my.full.label }
{
's :=
#1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ 't := % get the next name
nameptr #1 >
{
namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{
numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "others" =
{ " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
{ " and " * t * } % from Chicago Manual of Style
if$ }
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
}
while$
}
FUNCTION { format.names.fml }
{
% Format names in "familiar" format, with first initial followed by
% last name. Like format.names, ALL names are formatted.
% jtb: The names are NOT put in small caps
's :=
#1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{
"\bibinfo{person}{" s nameptr "{ff~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ * "}" * 't :=
nameptr #1 >
{
namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{
numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "\bibinfo{person}{others}" =
{ " {et~al\mbox{.}}" * }
{ " {and} " * t * }
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
}
while$
}
FUNCTION { format.authors }
{
author empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{
"\bibfield{author}{"
author format.names add.period$ * "}" *} % jtb: add period if none before
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.key }
{
empty.or.unknown
{ key field.or.null }
{ "" }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.no.key }{
empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ "" }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.editors.fml }
{
% Format editor names for use in the "in" types: inbook, incollection,
% inproceedings: first initial, then last names. When editors are the
% LABEL for an entry, then format.editor is used which lists editors
% by last name first.
editor empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{
"\bibfield{editor}{"
editor format.names.fml
* "}" *
editor num.names$ #1 >
{ " (Eds.)" * }
{ " (Ed.)" * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.editors }
{ % format editor names for use in labels, last names first.
editor empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{
"\bibfield{editor}{"
editor format.names
* "}" *
editor num.names$ #1 >
{ " (Eds.)." * }
{ " (Ed.)." * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.articletitle }
{
title empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
% Use this to preserve lettercase in titles:
{ "\showarticletitle{" title * "}" * }
% Use this for downcase title style:
% { \showarticletitle{" title "t" change.case$ * "}" * }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.title }
{
title empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
% Use this to preserve lettercase in titles:
{ "\bibinfo{title}{" title * "}" * }
% Use this for downcase title style:
% { title "t" change.case$ }
if$
}
FUNCTION { n.dashify }
{
't :=
"" { t empty.or.unknown not }
{
t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
{
t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
{ "--" *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
{
{ t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
{
"-" *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
while$
}
if$
}
{
t #1 #1 substring$ *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
if$
}
while$
}
FUNCTION { format.a.title.with.edition }
{
"\bibinfo{booktitle}{"
swap$ emphasize *
edition empty.or.unknown
'skip$
{ " (\bibinfo{edition}{" * edition "l" change.case$ *
"} ed.)" * } % jtb: no parens for ed.
if$
"}" *
}
FUNCTION { format.btitle }
{ title format.a.title.with.edition }
FUNCTION { format.emphasize.booktitle }
{ booktitle format.a.title.with.edition }
FUNCTION { format.city }
{
% jtb: if the preceding string (the title of the conference) is non-empty,
% jtb: append the location, otherwise leave empty (so as to trigger the
% jtb: error message in output.check
duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
{ }
{
city empty.or.unknown
{
date empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ " (" * date * ")" * }
if$
}
{
date empty.or.unknown
{ " (" * city * ")" * }
{ " (" * city * ", " * date * ")" * }
if$
}
if$
}
if$}
FUNCTION { tie.or.space.connect }
{
duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
{ "~" }
{ " " }
if$
swap$ * *
}
FUNCTION { either.or.check }
{
empty.or.unknown
'pop$
{ "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.bvolume }
{
% jtb: If there is a series, this is added and the volume trails after it.
% jtb: Otherwise, "Vol" is Capitalized.
volume empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{
series empty.or.unknown
{ "Vol.~\bibinfo{volume}{" volume "}" * *}
{ "\bibinfo{series}{" series "}, " * *
"Vol.~\bibinfo{volume}{" volume "}" * * *}
if$
"volume and number" number either.or.check
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.bvolume.noseries }
{
volume empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ "Vol.~\bibinfo{volume}{" volume "}" * *
"volume and number" number either.or.check
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.series }
{
series empty.or.unknown
{""}
{" \emph{(\bibinfo{series}{" * series "})}" *}
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.number.series }
{
volume empty.or.unknown
{
number empty.or.unknown
{
volume empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{
series empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ " (\bibinfo{series}{" series * "})" * }
if$
}
if$ } % { series field.or.null }
{
output.state mid.sentence =
{ "Number" } % gnp - changed to mixed case always
{ "Number" }
if$
number tie.or.space.connect series empty.or.unknown
{ "there's a number but no series in " cite$ * warning$ }
{ " in \bibinfo{series}{" * series * "}" * }
if$
}
if$
}
{
""
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { multi.page.check }
{
't :=
#0 'multiresult :=
{ multiresult not
t empty.or.unknown not
and
}
{ t #1 #1 substring$
duplicate$ "-" =
swap$ duplicate$ "," =
swap$ "+" =
or or
{ #1 'multiresult := }
{ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
if$
}
while$
multiresult
}
FUNCTION { format.pages }
{
pages empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ "\bibinfo{pages}{"
pages multi.page.check
{ pages n.dashify } % gnp - removed () % jtb: removed pp.
{ pages }
if$
* "}" *
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.pages.check.without.articleno }
{ %% format pages field only if articleno is absent
%% Stack out: pages-specification
numpages missing$ pages missing$ and
{ "page numbers missing in both pages and numpages fields in " cite$ * warning$ }
{ }
if$
articleno empty.or.unknown eid empty.or.unknown and
{
pages missing$
{ numpages }
{ format.pages }
if$
}
{ "" } if$
}
FUNCTION { format.pages.check }
{
pages empty.or.unknown
{ "page numbers missing in " cite$ * warning$ "" }
{ pages n.dashify }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.bookpages }
{
bookpages empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ bookpages "book pages" tie.or.space.connect }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.named.pages }
{
pages empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ format.pages "pages" tie.or.space.connect }
if$
}
%
% Changed by Boris Veytsman, 2011-03-13
% Now the word "pages" is printed even if
% there field pages is not empty.
%
FUNCTION { format.page.count }
{
page.count empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ "\bibinfo{numpages}{" page.count * "}~pages" * }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.articleno.numpages }
{
%% There are seven possible outputs, depending on which fields are set.
%%
%% These four are handled here:
%%
%% articleno, numpages, pages -> "Article articleno-value, numpages-value pages"
%% articleno, numpages -> "Article articleno-value, numpages-value pages"
%% articleno, pages -> "Article articleno-value, reduced-pages-value pages"
%% articleno -> "Article articleno-value" and warn about missing numpages
%%
%% The remaining three have already been handled by
%% format.pages.check.without.articleno:
%%
%% numpages, pages -> "pages-value"
%% numpages -> "numpages-value"
%% pages -> "pages-value"
%%
%% We no longer issue warninig when missing articleno, but having numpages
articleno empty.or.unknown eid empty.or.unknown and
{
%% numpages empty.or.unknown
%% { }
%% { "numpages field, but no articleno or eid field, in "
%% cite$ * warning$ }
%% if$
""
} {
numpages empty.or.unknown
{
pages empty.or.unknown
{
"articleno or eid, but no pages or numpages field in "
cite$ * warning$
"" 'page.count :=
}
{ reduce.pages.to.page.count }
if$
}
{ numpages 'page.count := }
if$
%% The Article number is now handled in format.day.month.year because
%% ACM prefers the style "Digital Libraries 12, 3, Article 5 (July 2008)"
%% over "Digital Libraries 12, 3 (July 2008), Article 5"
%% format.articleno output
format.page.count
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {calc.format.page.count}
{
numpages empty.or.unknown
{
pages empty.or.unknown
{
"" 'page.count :=
}
{ reduce.pages.to.page.count }
if$
}
{ numpages 'page.count := }
if$
format.page.count
}
FUNCTION { journal.canon.abbrev }
{
% Returns a canonical abbreviation for 'journal', or else 'journal'
% unchanged.
journal "ACM Computing Surveys" = { "Comput. Surveys" } {
journal "{ACM} Computing Surveys" = { "Comput. Surveys" } {
journal "ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software" = { "ACM Trans. Math. Software" } {
journal "{ACM} Transactions on Mathematical Software" = { "ACM Trans. Math. Software" } {
journal "ACM SIGNUM Newsletter" = { "ACM SIGNUM Newslett." } {
journal "ACM {SIGNUM} Newsletter" = { "ACM SIGNUM Newslett." } {
journal "{ACM} SIGNUM Newsletter" = { "ACM SIGNUM Newslett." } {
journal "{ACM} {SIGNUM} Newsletter" = { "ACM SIGNUM Newslett." } {
journal "American Journal of Sociology" = { "Amer. J. Sociology" } {
journal "American Mathematical Monthly" = { "Amer. Math. Monthly" } {
journal "American Mathematical Society Translations" = { "Amer. Math. Soc. Transl." } {
journal "Applied Mathematics and Computation" = { "Appl. Math. Comput." } {
journal "British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology" = { "Brit. J. Math. Statist. Psych." } {
journal "Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society" = { "Bull. Amer. Math. Soc." } {
journal "Canadian Mathematical Bulletin" = { "Canad. Math. Bull." } {
journal "Communications of the ACM" = { "Commun. ACM" } {
journal "Communications of the {ACM}" = { "Commun. ACM" } {
journal "Computers and Structures" = { "Comput. \& Structures" } {
journal "Contemporary Mathematics" = { "Contemp. Math." } {
journal "Crelle's Journal" = { "Crelle's J." } {
journal "Giornale di Mathematiche" = { "Giorn. Mat." } {
journal "IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems" = { "IEEE Trans. Aerospace Electron. Systems" } {
journal "{IEEE} Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems" = { "IEEE Trans. Aerospace Electron. Systems" } {
journal "IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control" = { "IEEE Trans. Automat. Control" } {
journal "{IEEE} Transactions on Automatic Control" = { "IEEE Trans. Automat. Control" } { journal "IEEE Transactions on Computers" = { "IEEE Trans. Comput." } {
journal "{IEEE} Transactions on Computers" = { "IEEE Trans. Comput." } {
journal "IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis" = { "IMA J. Numer. Anal." } {
journal "{IMA} Journal of Numerical Analysis" = { "IMA J. Numer. Anal." } {
journal "Information Processing Letters" = { "Inform. Process. Lett." } {
journal "International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering" = { "Internat. J. Numer. Methods Engrg." } {
journal "International Journal of Control" = { "Internat. J. Control" } {
journal "International Journal of Supercomputing Applications" = { "Internat. J. Supercomputing Applic." } {
journal "Journal of Computational Physics" = { "J. Comput. Phys." } {
journal "Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics" = { "J. Comput. Appl. Math." } {
journal "Journal of Computer and System Sciences" = { "J. Comput. System Sci." } {
journal "Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications" = { "J. Math. Anal. Appl." } {
journal "Journal of Mathematical Physics" = { "J. Math. Phys." } {
journal "Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing" = { "J. Parallel and Distrib. Comput." } {
journal "Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards" = { "J. Res. Nat. Bur. Standards" } {
journal "Journal of VLSI and Computer Systems" = { "J. VLSI Comput. Syst." } {
journal "Journal of {VLSI} and Computer Systems" = { "J. VLSI Comput. Syst." } {
journal "Journal of the ACM" = { "J. ACM" } {
journal "Journal of the American Statistical Association" = { "J. Amer. Statist. Assoc." } {
journal "Journal of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications" = { "J. Inst. Math. Appl." } {
journal "Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics" = { "J. Soc. Indust. Appl. Math." } {
journal "Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Series B, Numerical Analysis" = { "J. Soc. Indust. Appl. Math. Ser. B Numer. Anal." } {
journal "Linear Algebra and its Applications" = { "Linear Algebra Appl." } {
journal "Mathematica Scandinavica" = { "Math. Scand." } {
journal "Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation" = { "Math. Tables Aids Comput." } {
journal "Mathematics of Computation" = { "Math. Comp." } {
journal "Mathematische Annalen" = { "Math. Ann." } {
journal "Numerische Mathematik" = { "Numer. Math." } {
journal "Pacific Journal of Mathematics" = { "Pacific J. Math." } {
journal "Parallel Computing" = { "Parallel Comput." } {
journal "Philosophical Magazine" = { "Philos. Mag." } {
journal "Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society" = { "Proc. Amer. Math. Soc." } {
journal "Proceedings of the IEEE" = { "Proc. IEEE" } {
journal "Proceedings of the {IEEE}" = { "Proc. IEEE" } {
journal "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA" = { "Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. A." } {
journal "Quarterly Journal of Mathematics, Oxford, Series (2)" = { "Quart. J. Math. Oxford Ser. (2)" } {
journal "Quarterly of Applied Mathematics" = { "Quart. Appl. Math." } {
journal "Review of the International Statisical Institute" = { "Rev. Inst. Internat. Statist." } {
journal "SIAM Journal on Algebraic and Discrete Methods" = { "SIAM J. Algebraic Discrete Methods" } {
journal "{SIAM} Journal on Algebraic and Discrete Methods" = { "SIAM J. Algebraic Discrete Methods" } {
journal "SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics" = { "SIAM J. Appl. Math." } {
journal "{SIAM} Journal on Applied Mathematics" = { "SIAM J. Appl. Math." } {
journal "SIAM Journal on Computing" = { "SIAM J. Comput." } {
journal "{SIAM} Journal on Computing" = { "SIAM J. Comput." } {
journal "SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications" = { "SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl." } {
journal "{SIAM} Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications" = { "SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl." } {
journal "SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis" = { "SIAM J. Numer. Anal." } {
journal "{SIAM} Journal on Numerical Analysis" = { "SIAM J. Numer. Anal." } {
journal "SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing" = { "SIAM J. Sci. Statist. Comput." } {
journal "{SIAM} Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing" = { "SIAM J. Sci. Statist. Comput." } {
journal "SIAM Review" = { "SIAM Rev." } {
journal "{SIAM} Review" = { "SIAM Rev." } {
journal "Software Practice and Experience" = { "Software Prac. Experience" } {
journal "Statistical Science" = { "Statist. Sci." } {
journal "The Computer Journal" = { "Comput. J." } {
journal "Transactions of the American Mathematical Society" = { "Trans. Amer. Math. Soc." } {
journal "USSR Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics" = { "U. S. S. R. Comput. Math. and Math. Phys." } {
journal "{USSR} Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics" = { "U. S. S. R. Comput. Math. and Math. Phys." } {
journal "Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik" = { "Z. Angew. Math. Mech." } {
journal "Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Mathematik und Physik" = { "Z. Angew. Math. Phys." } {
journal
} if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
} if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
} if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
} if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
} if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
} if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
} if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
} if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
}
FUNCTION { format.journal.volume.number.day.month.year }
{
% By Young (and Spencer)
% GNP - fixed bugs with missing volume, number, and/or pages
%
% Format journal, volume, number, pages for article types.
%
journal empty.or.unknown
{ "no journal in " cite$ * warning$ "" }
{ "\bibinfo{journal}{"
journal.canon.abbrev emphasize *
"}" * }
if$
number empty.or.unknown
{
volume empty.or.unknown
{ "no number and no volume in " cite$ * warning$ "" * }
{ " " * " \bibinfo{volume}{" * volume * "}" * }
if$
}
{
volume empty.or.unknown
{
"unusual to have number, but no volume, for " cite$ * warning$
" \bibinfo{number}{" * number * "}" *
}
{ " \bibinfo{volume}{" * volume * "}, \bibinfo{number}{" *
number * "}" *}
if$
}
if$
after.block 'output.state :=
% Sometimes proceedings are published in journals
% In this case we do not want to put year, day and month here
type$ "inproceedings" =
{ }
{format.day.month.year * }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.chapter.pages }
{
chapter empty.or.unknown
'format.pages
{ type empty.or.unknown
{ "Chapter" } % gnp - changed to mixed case
{ type "t" change.case$ }
if$
chapter tie.or.space.connect
pages empty.or.unknown
{"page numbers missing in " cite$ * warning$} % gnp - added check
{ ", " * format.pages * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.in.emphasize.booktitle }
{ % jtb: format for collections or proceedings not appearing in a journal
booktitle empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ "In " format.emphasize.booktitle * }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.in.booktitle }{ % jtb: format for proceedings appearing in a journal
booktitle empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ "In \bibinfo{booktitle}{" booktitle * "}" * }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.in.ed.booktitle }
{
booktitle empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ editor empty.or.unknown
{ "In " format.emphasize.booktitle * }
% jtb: swapped editor location
{ "In " format.emphasize.booktitle * ", " * format.editors.fml * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.thesis.type }
{ % call with default type on stack top
type empty.or.unknown
'skip$ % use default type
{
pop$ % discard default type
% NO: it is silly to have to brace protect every degree type!: type "t" change.case$
type
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.tr.number }
{
"\bibinfo{type}{"
type empty.or.unknown
{ "{T}echnical {R}eport" }
'type
if$
"}" * *
number empty.or.unknown
{ "t" change.case$ }
%% LOOKS BAD: { "." * number tie.or.space.connect }
%% Prefer "Research report RJ687." to "Research report. RJ687."
{ number tie.or.space.connect }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.advisor }
{
advisor empty.or.unknown
{ "" }
{ "Advisor(s) " advisor * }
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.article.crossref }
{ "See"
"\citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
}
FUNCTION { format.crossref.editor }
{
editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
editor num.names$ duplicate$
#2 >
{ pop$ " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
{ #2 <
'skip$
{ editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" = { " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
{ " and " * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
}
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { format.book.crossref }
{
volume empty.or.unknown
{ "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
"In "
}
{ "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect % gnp - changed to mixed case
" of " *
}
if$
editor empty.or.unknown
editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
or
{ key empty.or.unknown
{ series empty.or.unknown
{ "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
crossref * warning$
"" *
}
{ series emphasize * }
if$
}
{ key * }
if$
}
{ format.crossref.editor * }
if$
" \citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
}
FUNCTION { format.incoll.inproc.crossref }
{ "See"
" \citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
}
FUNCTION { format.lab.names }
{
% format.lab.names:
%
% determines "short" names for the abbreviated author information.
% "Long" labels are created in calc.label, using the routine my.full.label
% to format author and editor fields.
%
% There are 4 cases for labels. (n=3 in the example)
% a) one author Foo
% b) one to n Foo, Bar and Baz
% c) use of "and others" Foo, Bar et al.
% d) more than n Foo et al.
's :=
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames #2 > % change number to number of others allowed before
% forcing "et al".
{ s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: \mbox{} added
{
numnames #1 - 'namesleft :=
#2 'nameptr :=
s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr numnames =
{ s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" = { " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
{ " and " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
}
{ ", " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION { author.key.label }
{
author empty.or.unknown
{ key empty.or.unknown
{ "no key, author in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION { editor.key.organization.label }
{ % added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if editor is null.
editor empty.or.unknown
{ organization empty.or.unknown
{ key empty.or.unknown
{ "no key, editor or organization in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ organization }
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION { author.editor.key.label }
{
author empty.or.unknown
{ editor empty.or.unknown
{ key empty.or.unknown
{ "no key, author, or editor in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION { author.editor.key.organization.label }
{ % added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if author is null.
author empty.or.unknown
{ editor empty.or.unknown
{ organization empty.or.unknown
{ key empty.or.unknown
{ "no key, author, editor or organization in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key if$
}
{ organization }
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
% Calculate label and leave it on stack
FUNCTION { calc.basic.label }
{
type$ "book" =
type$ "inbook" =
or
type$ "article" =
or
'author.editor.key.label
{ type$ "proceedings" =
type$ "periodical" =
or
'editor.key.organization.label
{ type$ "manual" =
'author.editor.key.organization.label
'author.key.label
if$
}
if$
}
if$
duplicate$
year empty.or.unknown
{ "[n. d.]" }
{ year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$}
if$
*
'basic.label.year :=
}
FUNCTION { calc.label }
{
% Changed - GNP. See also author.editor.organization.sort, editor.organization.sort
% Form label for BibTeX entry. The classification of which fields are used
% for which type of entry (book, inbook, etc.) are taken from alpha.bst.
% The change here from newapa is to also include organization as a
% citation label if author or editor is missing.
calc.basic.label
author empty.or.unknown % generate the full label citation information.
{
editor empty.or.unknown
{
organization empty.or.unknown
{
key empty.or.unknown
{
"no author, editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
"??"
}
{ key }
if$
}
{ organization }
if$
}
{ editor my.full.label } if$
}
{ author my.full.label }
if$
% leave label on the stack, to be popped when required.
"}{" * swap$ * "}{" *
% year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ *
%
% save the year for sort processing afterwards (adding a, b, c, etc.)
%
year empty.or.unknown
{ "[n. d.]" }
{ year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$}
if$
'label.year :=
}
FUNCTION { output.bibitem }
{
newline$
"\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{" write$
calc.label write$
sort.year write$
"}]%" writeln
" {" write$
cite$ write$
"}" writeln
""
before.all 'output.state :=
}
FUNCTION { output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint }
{ % enter and return with stack empty
%% We switch now from buffered output to output of complete lines, so
%% that the Issue .. URL data have their own lines, and are less likely
%% to be line-wrapped by BibTeX's short-sighted algorithm, which wraps
%% lines longer than 79 characters, backtracking to what it thinks is
%% a break point in the string. Any such wrapping MUST be undone to
%% prevent percent-newline from appearing in DOIs and URLs. The
%% output data are intentionally wrapped in \showxxx{} macros at
%% beginning of line, and that supply their own punctuation (if they
%% are not defined to suppress output entirely), to make it easier for
%% other software to recover them from .bbl files.
%%
%% It also makes it possible to later change the macro definitions
%% to suppress particular output values, or alter their appearance.
%%
%% Note that it is possible for theses, technical reports, and
%% manuals to have ISBNs, and anything that has an ISBN may also
%% have an ISSN. When there are no values for these keys, there
%% is no output generated for them here.
"\newblock" writeln
after.block 'output.state :=
output.issue
output.isbn
output.coden % CODEN is functionally like ISSN, so output them sequentially
output.issn
output.lccn
output.doi % DOI is ALWAYS last according to CrossRef DOI documentation
output.eprint
output.url % but ACM wants URL last
}
FUNCTION { output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note }{ % enter with stack empty, return with empty string on stack
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint
note empty.or.unknown
{ }
{
"\newblock" writeln
output.note
}
if$
""
}
FUNCTION { output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note.check }
{ % enter with stack empty, return with empty string on stack
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint
note empty.or.unknown
{ }
{
"\newblock" writeln
output.note.check
}
if$
""
}
FUNCTION { article }
{
output.bibitem
author empty.or.unknown
{
editor empty.or.unknown
{ "neither author and editor supplied for " cite$ * warning$ }
{ format.editors "editor" output.check }
if$
}
{ format.authors "author" output.check }
if$
author format.no.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.articletitle "title" output.check
new.block
howpublished empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\bibinfo{howpublished}{" howpublished "}" * * output }
if$
crossref missing$
{ format.journal.volume.number.day.month.year output}
{
"cross reference in @Article{...} is unusual" warning$
format.article.crossref output.nonnull
}
if$
format.pages.check.without.articleno output
format.articleno.numpages output
fin.block
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION { book }
{
output.bibitem
author empty.or.unknown
{ format.editors "author and editor" output.check }
{ format.authors output.nonnull crossref missing$
{ "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
'skip$
if$
}
if$
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.btitle "title" output.check
crossref missing$
{ new.sentence % jtb: start a new sentence for series/volume
format.bvolume output
new.block
format.number.series output
new.sentence
publisher "publisher" bibinfo.output.check
address "address" bibinfo.output.check % jtb: require address
fin.sentence
pages empty.or.unknown
{ format.bookpages } % use bookpages when pages empty
{ format.pages.check "pages" tie.or.space.connect }
if$
output
}
{ new.block
format.book.crossref output.nonnull
}
if$
fin.block
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION { booklet }
{
output.bibitem
format.authors output
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.title "title" output.check
new.block
howpublished empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\bibinfo{howpublished}{" howpublished "}" * * output }
if$
address output
fin.block
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION { inbook }
{
output.bibitem
author empty.or.unknown
{ format.editors
"author and editor" output.check
}
{ format.authors output.nonnull
crossref missing$
{ "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
'skip$
if$
}
if$
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.btitle "title" output.check
crossref missing$ { new.sentence % jtb: start a new sentence for series/volume
format.bvolume output
new.block
format.number.series output
new.sentence
publisher "publisher" bibinfo.output.check
address "address" bibinfo.output.check % jtb: require address
format.bookpages output
format.chapter.pages
"chapter and pages" output.check % jtb: moved from before publisher
}
{
format.bookpages output
format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
new.block
format.book.crossref output.nonnull
}
if$
fin.block
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION { incollection }
{
output.bibitem
format.authors "author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.articletitle "title" output.check
new.block
crossref missing$
{ format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
new.sentence % jtb: start a new sentence for series/volume
format.bvolume output
format.number.series output
new.sentence
publisher "publisher" bibinfo.output.check
address "address" bibinfo.output.check % jtb: require address
format.bookpages output
format.chapter.pages output % gnp - was special.output.nonnull
% left out comma before page numbers
% jtb: moved from before publisher
}
{
format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
format.chapter.pages output
}
if$
fin.block
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION { inproceedings }
{
output.bibitem
format.authors "author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.articletitle "title" output.check
howpublished empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\bibinfo{howpublished}{" howpublished "}" * * output.dot.space }
if$
crossref missing$
{
journal missing$ % jtb: proceedings appearing in journals { format.in.emphasize.booktitle format.city "booktitle" output.check.dot.space
format.series output.removenospace
format.editors.fml output % BV 2011/09/27 Moved dot to comma
format.bvolume.noseries output
new.sentence
organization output
publisher "publisher" bibinfo.output.check % jtb: require publisher (?)
address "address" bibinfo.output.check % jtb: require address
format.bookpages output
}
{
format.in.booktitle format.city "booktitle" output.check
format.editors.fml output
new.sentence
format.journal.volume.number.day.month.year output
}
if$
format.articleno output
format.pages.check.without.articleno output
}
{
format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
format.articleno output
format.pages.check.without.articleno output
}
if$
format.articleno.numpages output
fin.block
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION { conference } { inproceedings }
FUNCTION { manual }
{
output.bibitem
author empty.or.unknown
{ editor empty.or.unknown
{ organization "organization" output.check
organization format.key output } % if all else fails, use key
{ format.editors "author and editor" output.check }
if$
}
{ format.authors output.nonnull }
if$
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.btitle "title" output.check
organization address new.block.checkb
% jtb: back to normal style: organization, address
organization "organization" output.check
address output
fin.block
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION { mastersthesis }
{
output.bibitem
format.authors "author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.title emphasize "title" output.check % NB: ACM style requires emphasized thesis title
new.block
"\bibinfo{thesistype}{Master's\ thesis}" format.thesis.type output
new.sentence
school "school" bibinfo.output.check address empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\bibinfo{address}{" address * "}" * output }
if$
new.block
format.advisor output
fin.block
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION { misc }
{
output.bibitem
format.authors "author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
title howpublished new.block.checkb
format.title output
new.block
howpublished empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\bibinfo{howpublished}{" howpublished "}" * * output }
if$
"" output.nonnull.dot.space
calc.format.page.count output
fin.block
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION { online } { misc }
FUNCTION { game } { misc }
FUNCTION { phdthesis }
{
output.bibitem
format.authors "author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.title emphasize "title" output.check % NB: ACM style requires emphasized thesis title
new.block
"\bibinfo{thesistype}{Ph.D. Dissertation}" format.thesis.type output
new.sentence
school "school" bibinfo.output.check
address empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\bibinfo{address}{" address * "}" * output }
if$
new.block
format.advisor output
fin.block
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {format.date}
{ year empty.or.unknown
{ month empty.or.unknown
{
"" % output empty date if year/month both empty
day empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "there's a day but no month or year in " cite$ * warning$ }
if$
}
{ "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$ month
day empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ " " * day * }
if$
}
if$
}
{ month empty.or.unknown
{
year % output only year if month empty
day empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "there's a day and year but no month in " cite$ * warning$ }
if$
}
{
month " " *
day empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ day * ", " * }
if$
year *
}
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
{
empty.or.unknown
'skip$
'new.block
if$
}
FUNCTION { periodical }
{
output.bibitem
editor empty.or.unknown
{ organization output }
{ format.editors output.nonnull }
if$
new.block
output.year.check
new.sentence
format.articletitle "title" output.check
format.journal.volume.number.day.month.year output
calc.format.page.count output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION { proceedings }
{
output.bibitem
editor empty.or.unknown
{ organization output
organization format.key output } % gnp - changed from author format.key
{ format.editors output.nonnull }
if$
% author format.key output % gnp - removed (should be either
% editor or organization
output.year.check % added (newapa)
new.block
format.btitle format.city "title" output.check % jtb: added city
new.sentence
format.bvolume output
format.number.series output
new.sentence organization output
% jtb: normal order: publisher, address
publisher empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\bibinfo{publisher}{" publisher * "}" * output }
if$
address empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\bibinfo{address}{" address * "}" * output }
if$
fin.block
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION { collection } { proceedings }
FUNCTION { techreport }
{
output.bibitem
format.authors "author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.btitle "title" output.check
new.block
% format.tr.number output % jtb: moved month ...
format.tr.number output new.sentence % Gerry - need dot 2011/09/28
institution "institution" bibinfo.output.check
address empty.or.unknown
{ }
{ "\bibinfo{address}{" address "}" * * output }
if$
new.sentence
format.named.pages output
% ACM omits year at end in transactions style
% format.day.month.year output.nonnull.dot.space % jtb: ... to here (no parens)
fin.block
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION { unpublished }
{
output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
output.year.check % added
new.block
format.title "title" output.check
fin.sentence
output.day.month.year % UTAH
calc.format.page.count output
fin.block
output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note.check
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION { default.type } { misc }
%%% ACM journal-style month definitions: full name if 1--5 letters, else
%%% abbreviation of 3 or 4 characters and a dot
MACRO {jan} {"Jan."}
MACRO {feb} {"Feb."}
MACRO {mar} {"March"}
MACRO {apr} {"April"}
MACRO {may} {"May"}
MACRO {jun} {"June"}
MACRO {jul} {"July"}
MACRO {aug} {"Aug."}
MACRO {sep} {"Sept."}
MACRO {oct} {"Oct."}
MACRO {nov} {"Nov."}
MACRO {dec} {"Dec."}
READ
FUNCTION { sortify }
{
purify$
"l" change.case$
}
FUNCTION { chop.word }
{
's :=
'len :=
s #1 len substring$ =
{ s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
's
if$
}
FUNCTION { sort.format.names }
{
's :=
#1 'nameptr :=
""
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr #1 >
{ " " * }
'skip$
if$
s nameptr "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{ f{ }}{ jj{ }}" format.name$ 't :=
nameptr numnames = t "others" = and
{ " et~al" * }
{ t sortify * }
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
FUNCTION { sort.format.title }
{
't :=
"A " #2
"An " #3
"The " #4 t chop.word
chop.word
chop.word
sortify #1 global.max$ substring$
}
FUNCTION { author.sort }
{
author empty.or.unknown
{ key empty.or.unknown
{ "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
"" }
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION { author.editor.sort }
{
author empty.or.unknown
{
editor empty.or.unknown
{
key empty.or.unknown
{ "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION { editor.organization.sort }
{
% added - GNP. Stack editor or organization for sorting (from alpha.bst).
% Unlike alpha.bst, we need entire names, not abbreviations
editor empty.or.unknown
{ organization empty.or.unknown
{ key empty.or.unknown
{ "to sort, need editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ organization sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION { author.editor.organization.sort }
{
% added - GNP. Stack author or organization for sorting (from alpha.bst).
% Unlike alpha.bst, we need entire names, not abbreviations
author empty.or.unknown
{
editor empty.or.unknown
{ organization empty.or.unknown
{ key empty.or.unknown
{ "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
} { key sortify }
if$
}
{ organization sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION { presort }
{
% Presort creates the bibentry's label via a call to calc.label, and then
% sorts the entries based on entry type. Chicago.bst adds support for
% including organizations as the sort key; the following is stolen from
% alpha.bst.
calc.label
basic.label.year
swap$
" "
swap$
* *
" "
*
sortify
year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
" "
*
type$ "book" =
type$ "inbook" =
or
type$ "article" =
or
'author.editor.sort
{ type$ "proceedings" =
type$ "periodical" =
or
'editor.organization.sort
{ type$ "manual" =
'author.editor.organization.sort
'author.sort
if$
}
if$
}
if$
#1 entry.max$ substring$ % added for newapa
'sort.label := % added for newapa
sort.label % added for newapa
*
" "
*
title field.or.null
sort.format.title
*
#1 entry.max$ substring$
'sort.key$ :=
}
ITERATE { presort }
SORT % by label, year, author/editor, title
% From plainnat.bstSTRINGS { longest.label }
INTEGERS { longest.label.width number.label }
FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}
{ "" 'longest.label :=
#0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
"" 'next.extra :=
#0 'longest.label.width :=
#0 'last.extra.num :=
#0 'number.label :=
}
FUNCTION { initialize.extra.label.stuff }
{ #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
"" 'next.extra :=
#0 'last.extra.num :=
}
FUNCTION { forward.pass }
{
% Pass through all entries, comparing current entry to last one.
% Need to concatenate year to the stack (done by calc.label) to determine
% if two entries are the same (see presort)
last.label
calc.basic.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
#1 entry.max$ substring$ = % are they equal?
{ last.extra.num #1 + 'last.extra.num :=
last.extra.num int.to.chr$ 'extra.label :=
}
{ "a" chr.to.int$ 'last.extra.num :=
"" 'extra.label :=
calc.basic.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
#1 entry.max$ substring$ 'last.label := % assign to last.label
}
if$
number.label #1 + 'number.label :=
}
FUNCTION { reverse.pass }
{
next.extra "b" =
{ "a" 'extra.label := }
'skip$
if$
label.year extra.label * 'sort.year :=
extra.label 'next.extra :=
}
EXECUTE {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}
ITERATE {forward.pass}
REVERSE {reverse.pass}
FUNCTION { bib.sort.order }
{
sort.label
" "
*
year field.or.null sortify
*
" "
*
title field.or.null sort.format.title
*
#1 entry.max$ substring$
'sort.key$ :=
}
ITERATE { bib.sort.order }
SORT % by sort.label, year, title --- giving final bib. order.
FUNCTION { begin.bib }
{
%% Set to #0 show 13-digit ISBN in preference to 10-digit ISBN.
%% Set to #1 to show both 10-digit and 13-digit ISBNs.
#1 'show-isbn-10-and-13 :=
"%%% -*-BibTeX-*-" writeln
"%%% Do NOT edit. File created by BibTeX with style" writeln
"%%% ACM-Reference-Format-Journals [18-Jan-2012]." writeln
"" writeln
preamble$ empty.or.unknown
'skip$
{ preamble$ writeln }
if$
"\begin{thebibliography}{" number.label int.to.str$ * "}" * writeln
"" writeln
"%%% ====================================================================" writeln
"%%% NOTE TO THE USER: you can override these defaults by providing" writeln
"%%% customized versions of any of these macros before the \bibliography" writeln
"%%% command. Each of them MUST provide its own final punctuation," writeln
"%%% except for \shownote{}, \showDOI{}, and \showURL{}. The latter two" writeln
"%%% do not use final punctuation, in order to avoid confusing it with" writeln
"%%% the Web address." writeln
"%%%" writeln
"%%% To suppress output of a particular field, define its macro to expand" writeln
"%%% to an empty string, or better, \unskip, like this:" writeln
"%%%" writeln
"%%% \newcommand{\showDOI}[1]{\unskip} % LaTeX syntax" writeln
"%%%" writeln
"%%% \def \showDOI #1{\unskip} % plain TeX syntax" writeln
"%%%" writeln
"%%% ====================================================================" writeln
"" writeln
%% ACM publications do not use CODEN, ISSN, and LCCN data, so their default
%% macro wrappers expand to \unskip, discarding their values and unwanted
%% space.
%%
%% For other publications, prior definitions like these may be useful:
%%
%% Plain TeX:
%% \def \showCODEN #1{CODEN #1.}
%% \def \showISSN #1{ISSN #1.}
%% \def \showLCCN #1{LCCN #1.}
%%
%% LaTeX:
%% \newcommand{\showCODEN}[1]{CODEN #1.}
%% \newcommand{\showISSN}[1]#1{ISSN #1.}
%% \newcommand{\showLCCN}[1]{LCCN #1.}
"\ifx \showCODEN \undefined \def \showCODEN #1{\unskip} \fi" writeln
"\ifx \showDOI \undefined \def \showDOI #1{#1}\fi" writeln
% ACM styles omit ISBNs, but they can be included by suitable definitions of
% \showISBNx and \showISBNxiii before the .bbl file is read
"\ifx \showISBNx \undefined \def \showISBNx #1{\unskip} \fi" writeln
"\ifx \showISBNxiii \undefined \def \showISBNxiii #1{\unskip} \fi" writeln
"\ifx \showISSN \undefined \def \showISSN #1{\unskip} \fi" writeln
"\ifx \showLCCN \undefined \def \showLCCN #1{\unskip} \fi" writeln
"\ifx \shownote \undefined \def \shownote #1{#1} \fi" writeln % NB: final period supplied by add.period$ above "\ifx \showarticletitle \undefined \def \showarticletitle #1{#1} \fi" writeln
"\ifx \showURL \undefined \def \showURL {\relax} \fi" writeln
"% The following commands are used for tagged output and should be " writeln
"% invisible to TeX" writeln
"\providecommand\bibfield[2]{#2}" writeln
"\providecommand\bibinfo[2]{#2}" writeln
"\providecommand\natexlab[1]{#1}" writeln
"\providecommand\showeprint[2][]{arXiv:#2}" writeln
}
EXECUTE {begin.bib}
EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
ITERATE {call.type$}
FUNCTION { end.bib }
{
newline$
"\end{thebibliography}"
writeln
}
EXECUTE {end.bib}